Walking the Path from Girl to Adolescent: A Social Protection Model through Comprehensive Sexuality Education

Abstract

Objective: To understand how a social protection model that includes comprehensive sexual education as a central pillar contributes to ensuring the autonomy and human development of girls and adolescents in Guatemala. Method: A hermeneutic paradigm was employed, with a qualitative approach and a descriptive scope, utilizing a documentary review design that included academic sources, legislation, and regulations of both international and national scope. Nine documents were analyzed: two international and seven national. Their intervention or contribution was recognized through the development of an analysis matrix, which linked the decree and the specificity of the intervention, as well as a matrix of key actors. Results: Structural conditions limiting human development were identified, reflected in forced, early, or unplanned pregnancies, as well as misinformation and the lack of comprehensive programs. While legal frameworks recognize comprehensive sexual education as a right, its implementation remains fragmented and unequal. Additionally, the need for timely training, the design of rights-based content, the production of relevant and intercultural pedagogical materials, and access to friendly sexual and reproductive health services were highlighted. Conclusion: A social protection model that places comprehensive sexual education at the core requires strong inter-institutional coordination, cultural relevance, territorial equity, and sustainability. Its implementation would expand the capacity to make informed decisions, strengthen autonomy, and ensure safer educational trajectories for Guatemalan girls and adolescents.